Friends of Woodland Park Zoo Elephants

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

Seattle, WA (January 11, 2017) – In Defense of Animals chose The Oklahoma City Zoo (OKC Zoo) as the worst zoo for elephants in the United States in 2016. OKC Zoo earned the top spot based on its miserable record of elephant disease, aggression and premature deaths—as well as its irresponsible elephant breeding program.

In 2015, OKC Zoo and Woodland Park Zoo (WPZ) rejected the will of Seattle’s residents, City Council and Mayor when Bamboo and Chai were moved to OKC Zoo instead of an accredited sanctuary. Friends of Woodland Park Zoo Elephants (“Friends”) warned OKC Zoo about Bamboo’s aggressive history and incompatibility with other elephants, as well as Bamboo and Chai’s exposure to the to the deadly herpes virus that killed Hansa, a young calf at WPZ.

Soon after Chai and Bamboo’s arrival at OKC Zoo in 2015, Malee (4-years-old) died from the same strain of Elephant Herpes Virus Chai suffered from just months earlier. Yet OKC Zoo continued with plans to artificially inseminate Chandra a month later. Achara (2-years-old) became ill with the virus in September 2016 but survived and three months later Chandra was again artificially inseminated. This disease causes the major organs to hemorrhage resulting in a horrifically painful illness and often death. Alyne Fortgang, Co-founder of Friends says, “Continuing to breed at this zoo virtually ensures suffering and death—it’s unethical and must stop immediately.”

Chai died only eight months after arriving at OKC Zoo allegedly due to substandard health care and negligence. She wasted away, rapidly losing 1,000 pounds, and suffered from an infection in her bloodstream likely caused by 25 puss-filled abscesses—all of which went untreated.

Now Bamboo, languishes at OKC Zoo, an aggressor and victim. The other elephants at the zoo have repeatedly attacked Bamboo, injuring various parts of her body including her trunk and one of the bites amputated the end of her tail. In turn, Bamboo attacked others including baby Achara and has tried to harm the keepers numerous times. Fortgang adds, “Trapped within a cramped hot-wired yard there is no ability to flee from an attack causing an unhealthy and dangerous situation.”

Given Bamboo’s chronic health issues and incompatibility with the other elephants, her continued residence at OKC Zoo has little rationale. It is not too late for OKC Zoo to do the right thing by allowing her to heal and live in peace at an accredited elephant sanctuary.

In Defense of Animals’ 2016 Ten Worst Zoos for Elephants list: http://www.idausa.org/campaign/elephants/10-worst-zoos-2016/

Video obtained through Oklahoma Open Records.

Woodland Park Zoo hastily transported Bamboo and Chai on April 15th out of Seattle headed to the Oklahoma City Zoo.  This is the same day an injunction was denied and the same day when a proposed ordinance was made public. NOAA’s forecasts for April 15th reported: heavy snow, fog, strong winds and tornadoes for the states along the transport route.

This reckless transport endangered the elephants’ lives and caused them to be in a windowless steel box/crate for even more time—detouring an additional 740 miles.  Now they are holed up in what resembles a prison holding cell.  (See video below)

Friends has called for an investigation by the USDA.  A reported escape of a lion is the subject of another USDA complaint. Links to USDA complaints:

www.freewpzelephants.org/docs/USDA_complaint_Elephant_transfer.pdf
www.freewpzelephants.org/docs/USDA_complaint_Lion_escape.pdf

Vigil for Watoto (photo from KOMO News)

Elephant advocates from all over the region joined in Watoto’s memory to hold a vigil. We held signs at the street entrance to Woodland Park Zoo for about an hour. Then we marched to the gate entrance where we put a big picture of Watoto. One by one each of us laid a flower “at Watoto’s feet”. The silent meditation was begun with a gong. But the silence was punctuated with crying.

See photos and news coverage in the Seattle P-I

See photos and news coverage on KOMO News

Scientific American has yet another excellent scientific article about the intelligence of elephants and the great injustice we do them by keeping them in zoos. They start with an important question:

We now have solid evidence that elephants are some of the most intelligent, social and empathic animals around—so how can we justify keeping them in captivity?

Every paragraph in the article is full of great points and solid scientific reasoning, so it’s hard to pick just one excerpt.

Refurbishing elephant enclosures so they are roomier and more intellectually stimulating is at once an acknowledgment and dismissal of the research on elephant intelligence and welfare. After all, if the zoos really have the animals’ best interests at heart, they would close their elephant exhibits. In 2005 the Detroit Zoo became the first to give up its elephants solely on ethical grounds. Spending so much time in close quarters—and waiting out the harsh Michigan winters indoors—left their two Asian elephants physically and mentally ill. Wanda and Winky were moved to the Performing Animal Welfare Society’s (PAWS) 930-hectare sanctuary in San Andreas, Calif. A handful of zoos have followed suit, but they are in the minority.

Read the full article in Scientific American

Check out video from our press conference. In two parts:

Friends of Woodland Park Zoo in Seattle, WA presents a short video that illustrates the sad and impoverished lives of the three elephants in the zoo.

Seattle Channel aired this 10-minute video which gives a good overview of the issues surrounding keeping Bamboo, Chai and Watoto at the Woodland Park Zoo as well as the Task Force that is charged to make recommendations. Friends of Woodland Park Zoo is featured in this report.

The description of the video segment on their website:

The majestic elephant is a wonder to watch, but are zoos the right place for these animals or would sanctuaries be their best home? That`s the question experts and activists are pondering. We`ll take an in-depth look at the issue as it unfolds in Seattle with the Woodland Park Zoo`s three elephants. See how all parties want the best for these grand creatures.

Visit the Seattle Channel website to view the video.

Chai confined in half of tiny, barren stall

Friends of Woodland Park Zoo Elephants was initially hopeful that Woodland Park Zoo’s “Elephant Task Force” would conduct a thorough and objective review of the health and welfare of Bamboo, Chai, and Watoto and recommend that the elephants be retired to give them an improved quality of life. But sadly, the cards are stacked against them.

Task Force Purpose

The zoo formed the task force after two scathing Seattle Times articles called attention to the misery that elephants endure in zoos (highlighting the Woodland Park Zoo and the Oregon Zoo) and two Seattle Times Editorials that called for the retirement of Bamboo, Chai, and Watoto to a sanctuary. From attending and observing the task force meetings, learning who is on the panels and chosen to speak, and how input is managed—one thing is clear—the zoo is using the task force as damage control.

Task Force Member Selection

The selection of the task force members was made by the Woodland Park Zoo Board whose members are financially and personally invested in the zoo. The zoo, while claiming transparency, would not share the selection process and criteria in convening the fifteen members. In a clear conflict of interest, five of the fifteen members are current or past Zoo Board members. At least another six task force members said they had no knowledge about elephants or about this incredibly complex issue.

Chai suffering from foot infection

The zoo also convened a secondary “Expert Review Panel”, which will review the elephants’ health and the zoo’s breeding program. The task force will rely heavily on this panel’s findings. Dr. Slinker who is on the Zoo Board and admitted never having worked with elephants chose the panelists. In a flagrant conflict of interest, Dr. Slinker co-authored an op-ed in The Seattle Times parroting the Woodland Park Zoo’s language that the elephants should stay at the zoo and made the astonishing and incorrect claim that our elephants don’t have foot problems. If Mr. Slinker bothered to read the elephants’ medical records he would have found out they do in fact have foot problems—dating back to at least 1999. This is critical to be aware of because foot problems are the main reason elephants in zoos are euthanized. In addition to foot problems, Bamboo, Chai, and Watoto suffer from lameness, chronic bouts of colic, arthritis, obesity, infection and stereotypical behaviors.

Bamboo suffering from foot problems

Neither the task force nor the zoo-appointed expert review panel includes anyone who can provide an elephant welfare perspective. “Friends” submitted thirteen world renowned elephant experts to the Task Force who offered to share their insight and expertise. None have been invited to make a presentation.

Further, to the benefit of the zoo, all the information task force members receive is decided by a public relations firm—hired by the zoo.

Conclusion 

This is the proverbial Fox Guarding the Hen House with the fate of Bamboo, Chai and Watoto in the balance.  If the manner in which this task force is conducted continues, it is a waste of many good, well intentioned people’s time because Woodland Park Zoo’s Task Force report will have no credibility.

WHO ARE BAMBOO, CHAI AND WATOTO?  

Bamboo, Chai and Watoto are female elephants who were taken from their families as babies. Bamboo and Chai are Asian; Watoto is the lone African elephant and has not seen or lived with her own kind since she was a baby.

• Our three elephants are highly intelligent, migratory animals who have evolved over 40 million years and are genetically wired to travel great distances, just like their counterparts in the wild.
• Elephants travel for food and water but also for social enrichment and discovery.
• 

  African elephant family in the wild

  Female elephants are family oriented with grandmothers, mothers, daughters, sisters, aunts and nieces staying together for their entire lives in these rich, loving matriarchal family groups. 
  

• Elephants possess deep feelings, grieve over their dead and retain lifelong memories.
• Elephants know and recognize hundreds of elephants over their lifetime and are never alone or isolated; they are constantly touching, rubbing, and leaning up against each other.

KEY ISSUES EXAMINED BY THE ZOO’S TASK FORCE

Below are the key issues the zoo’s task force is being charged to examine.

Friends of Woodland Park Zoo Elephants’ position which follows each key issue is based on scientific research and data from renowned elephant experts.

Health status of the elephants

“The [Seattle] Times did a first-of-its-kind analysis of 390 elephant fatalities at accredited U.S. zoos for the past 50 years. It found that most of the elephants died from injury or disease linked to conditions of their captivity, from chronic foot problems caused by standing on hard surfaces to musculoskeletal disorders from inactivity caused by being penned or chained for days and weeks at a time.”

Watoto unable to avoid pacing in feces

• Due to our wet and cold climate, Bamboo, Chai and Watoto are locked in tiny, barren barn stalls 16 – 17 hours a day for over half of the year. This prolonged lock up forces them to stand and pace in their own wastes.
  
• Due to their incompatibility with one another, either Bamboo or Watoto is locked in solitary confinement in the barn and are kept separated outside. In the yard they are penned in spaces much less than one acre and forced to stand and walk on hard compacted dirt.
• Lack of exercise and close confinement leads to, and exacerbates, diseases directly related captivity.
• Bamboo, Chai and Watoto suffer from one or more of the following:  foot problems, arthritis, severe bouts of colic, lameness, obesity, infections, painful skin problems, and psychological distress.
  

Social well-being of the elephants

All three elephants exhibit stereotypical behaviors:

• Bamboo paces in circles while swiveling her head
• Watoto paces in circles and sways
• Chai paces on her front legs and sways while bobbing her head up and down.

These are not, as the zoo would like us to believe, anticipatory behaviors. According to renowned elephant experts, including Dr. Joyce Poole and Dr. G.A. Bradshaw, these behaviors are abnormal.  They are the mind’s way of coping with trauma, extreme stress and unrelenting boredom. The first trauma they suffered was when they were taken from their mothers and other family members as babies and shipped off to Seattle with no maternal protection. 

Our elephants live in a dysfunctional grouping; none is bonded to each other.  Bamboo and Watoto are so adversarial that they must always be kept separated. They do not engage in normal behaviors such as synchronized play, touching, rubbing and leaning up against each other which can be observed by viewing them at the zoo or in videos on this web site.

The elephant  breeding program 

One year anniversary of Hansa’s death

From The Seattle Times: “Chai was subsequently the victim — not too strong a word — of 112 attempts to artificially inseminate her.”  Dr. Nancy Hawkes, one of the zoo’s Curators, said that over a period of two decades of artificially inseminating Chai the procedure was unsuccessful because:  “My guess is they were usually just inseminating the bladder.”  In this same article, the photo shows Chai immobilized in an ERD (elephant restraining device) with her legs in chains contradicting the zoo’s claims that Chai’s participation in this highly invasive procedure is voluntary.

• Contrary to zoo statements, its elephant breeding program serves no conservation purpose because no elephant  bred at the zoo will ever be released into the wild.
• A calf born at the zoo faces a lifetime of confinement in an impoverished and unhealthy environment as well as the possibility of being sold or traded to another zoo.
• Chai’s daughter, Hansa (a result of Chai being mated with a bull) died at the age of 6 of the horrifically painful and frequently fatal elephant herpes virus (EEHV). 
• There is no cure for EEHV.
• Woodland Park Zoo has no infection control in place.
• Chai has had numerous miscarriages.

The conservation and education value of keeping elephants at the zoo.

Be sure to read Lisa Kane’s rebuttal of Zoos’ conservation claims for in-depth responses to the most common reasons given for keeping elephants captive in unnatural zoo enclosures.

• The gold standard of wildlife conservation is protection of the species and its habitat in its home range.  When that isn’t possible, the next step is captive breeding of the species and reintroduction into the wild.
• No elephant from a zoo will replenish the ones lost in the wild.
• Elephant conservation means financing conservation in the wild where elephants live rather than spending about $600,000.00 annually to keep three elephants in Seattle.
• Research on elephant communication, behavior, and reproduction has successfully been conducted for decades with wild populations.
• A study funded by Association of Zoos and Aquariums, “Why Zoos and Aquariums Matter: Assessing the Impact of a Visit to a Zoo or Aquarium,” reports that there was no statistically significant change in “overall knowledge”. Instead, social scientists found that zoo visits “reinforced” and “supported” pre-existing attitude and values of guests. (1)
• 

  Watoto with head pressed against bar

  Non-zoo industry funded research suggested that zoo guests exposed to express conservation messages and instructed on specific, concrete steps to aid wildlife conservation reported three months later that they had not followed even one zoo suggestion. (2)

• Children learn in different ways now than they did years ago.
• Learning about elephants can, and is, being done in ways that don’t harm them.
• Suffering is not education—or entertainment.

For further reading:

• An Optimal Future for Woodland Park Zoo Elephants by Lisa Kane, JD
• Rebuttal to zoo’s criticism of Optimal Future by Lisa Kane, JD

(1) “Why Zoos and Aquariums Matter: Assessing the Impact of a Visit to a Zoo or Aquarium,” (Falk, Rienhard, Vernon, Bronnenkant, et al., 2007, p. 10).

(2) Smith, L. et al. 2008, “A Closer Examination of the Impact of Zoo Visits on Visitor Behavior,” Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 16: 544-562.

Canada’s The Fifth Estate aired a great program about the fight to get Edmonton’s elephant into a sanctuary. Watch this in depth program here: